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Cake day: June 18th, 2023

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  • Fracking has granted the United States independence from OPEC, and turned the US into the largest exporter of oil. The US now has the pricing power on the world oil market. This has huge geopolitical implications.

    Back in the 2000s it was completely different. All of the geopolitical wonks were pushing renewable energy as a means of OPEC independence. And now that independence has been granted, but we still have the oil.

    Meanwhile, as others have stated on this thread, the immediate problems from fracking have been mostly fixed, including the earthquakes. Long term, I don’t think anyone knows what’s going to happen with all of that dirty wastewater going back into the ground.

    So on balance, there’s a good reason for the leadership in both parties to be on board with fracking: oil still rules the world, and fracking lets the United States rule the oil markets.






  • The Geneva conventions are not monolithic documents, and they are not completely uncontroversial. I believe the article 51 you refer to is in a 1978 addon protocol that Israel has not ratified. For reference, there is a different article 51 in the original 1949 conventions, that talks about when an occupying army may conscript civilian labor.

    Like any other international treaties, the conventions only apply to countries that have signed on and ratified the treaties. The United States and Israel have not ratified the additional protocol, so from their perspective they are not bound by the text.

    The original 1949 conventions do have protections for civilians, but they are weaker protections. Ratiometric evidence of civilian casualties is heartbreaking, but unfortunately simply not relevant to the 1949 conventions. Under those rules, if a facility is used by your enemy to harm you, you can attack that facility. Period.

    IDF is always careful to portray how they scrupulously follow the 1949 conventions when they speak to the media. Clear violations that become public are referred to investigation.

    As in any war, some elements of IDF are almost certainly violating the conventions. But as a USian I don’t think I’ll get close to understanding the truth any time soon. I basically don’t trust any news source coming out of that region any more.






  • The gist of it is that to reenter the atmosphere safely, you need to point the heat shield at the oncoming air. To do that, you need working reaction control thrusters.

    Boeing Starliner capsule apparently has some kind of latent failure mode with its thrusters where they start degrading and can fail in a few hours of operation. On the way up, the spacecraft was in transit for around 26 hours, and recorded five thrusters disabled, of which four relit in subsequent testing. One thruster is apparently really dead. The capsule has about fifty thrusters, so being down five doesn’t really compromise steering.

    Ground testing of these thrusters was performed at White Sands, NM, and apparently NASA really did not like the results. But I haven’t heard anything about what those tests found.

    There’s also a helium leak (active only when the RCS is warmed up), but it’s not clear if this is a critical factor. Compressed helium is used to force the fuel to go out of the thrusters.

    As far as I know, the actual estimated risk of failure for this capsule is still pretty low, but now believed to be high enough that they might as well not take the risk. (And remember these are test astronauts… They have a pretty high risk tolerance).

    Also, even if the risk of one reentry is maybe low enough to try it, the White Sands and orbital data probably revealed a systemic design problem with the RCS that now precludes operational certification. Since neither Boeing nor NASA is willing to pay for a second test flight, this capsule is effectively dead as an ongoing space program. So why take any kind of risk on a reentry if you don’t have to?




  • A large part of food cost is processing.

    A regular burger patty is processed by butchering a cow, running meat through a grinder, and then pressing the grind into patties.

    A vegan burger patty has to combine multiple ingredients and seasonings with different preprocessing steps, and then it still has to be pressed into patties.

    Out of this, cow butchering is by far the most intensive and costly processing step, but the cost of that is amortized over many cuts of meat, not just the hamburger.

    The vegan patty has more things to process in it. And if you’re looking at Beyond or Impossible, then some of those things are fancy lab grown proteins.


  • This is actually pretty important to being able to solve engineering problems in the real world. Invariably, every little sub industry has its own cursed unit system. And dimensional analysis is great for solving real problems on its own.

    And if you get to a high enough physics level, they start setting hbar = c = 1 or G = c = 1, and you never have to worry about it again.

    I’m the mean time, it’s worthwhile to learn the trick to do this stuff fast-ish.



  • Especially crazy when Douglas Adams has a writing credit on the screenplay, and all indications are that he was substantially involved in it’s contents.

    Edit:

    The script we shot was very much based on the last draft that Douglas wrote… All the substantive new ideas in the movie… are brand new Douglas ideas written especially for the movie by him… Douglas was always up for reinventing HHGG in each of its different incarnations and he knew that working harder on some character development and some of the key relationships was an integral part of turning HHGG into a movie.

    - Robbie Stamp, Executive Producer